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3114164	有图 <p>Đèn chiếu sáng là một trong những bộ phận quan trọng và không thể thiếu trên ô tô, xe máy. Không chỉ giúp người điều khiển phương tiện quan sát tốt hơn trong đêm tối hay điều kiện thời tiết xấu, đèn chiếu sáng còn góp phần đảm bảo an toàn giao thông, giảm thiểu nguy cơ tai nạn.</p><p>Đặc biệt, khi lưu thông trong hầm đường bộ, việc bật đèn chiếu sáng là yêu cầu bắt buộc theo quy định pháp luật. Cụ thể, Điều 26 của Luật Trật tự, an toàn giao thông đường bộ nêu rõ: “Người điều khiển xe cơ giới, xe máy chuyên dùng phải bật đèn chiếu gần; người điều khiển xe thô sơ phải bật đèn hoặc có vật phát sáng để báo hiệu...”</p><p>Việc tuân thủ quy định này không chỉ giúp người lái xe quan sát rõ hơn mà còn giúp các phương tiện khác dễ dàng nhận diện, góp phần đảm bảo an toàn cho tất cả mọi người khi lưu thông trong không gian hẹp và thiếu sáng như hầm đường bộ.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/ham-thu-thiem-72341.jpeg?width=0&s=AUFe1u5CUJk1HoDyZMwSxw"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Bật đèn chiếu sáng ở chế độ chiếu gần là quy định bắt buộc khi vào hầm đường bộ. Ảnh hầm Thủ Thiêm - TPHCM<p>Theo khoản 3, Điều 6 Nghị định 168/2024/NĐ-CP, người điều khiển xe ô tô sẽ bị phạt tiền từ 800 nghìn đến 1 triệu đồng khi chạy trong hầm đường bộ không sử dụng đèn chiếu sáng gần.</p><p>Như vậy, khi lưu thông trong hầm đường bộ, nếu tài xế không bật đèn chiếu gần (đèn cos), có thể bị xử phạt lên đến 1 triệu đồng. Tuy nhiên, nhiều người vẫn xem việc bật đèn chỉ là để tránh bị CSGT thổi phạt, mà chưa nhận thức đầy đủ về tầm quan trọng thực sự của hành động này.</p><p>Theo các chuyên gia giao thông, bật đèn chiếu sáng đúng cách là yếu tố then chốt giúp đảm bảo an toàn cho bản thân và những người xung quanh. Không chỉ trong hầm đường bộ, mà cả tại các khu vực có ánh sáng yếu như hầm để xe chung cư, trung tâm thương mại…, việc bật đèn giúp tăng khả năng quan sát, đồng thời làm cho phương tiện của bạn dễ dàng được nhận diện hơn, từ đó giảm thiểu nguy cơ xảy ra va chạm một cách hiệu quả.</p><p>(Tình huống thót tim khi ô tô đi trong hầm suýt tông vào một em bé chạy cắt ngang. Nguyên nhân một phần đến từ việc tài xế không bật đèn chiếu sáng. Nguồn video: OFFB)</p><p>Khi vào hầm, điều kiện ánh sáng thay đổi đột ngột khiến mắt người chưa kịp thích nghi. Nếu không bật đèn, các phương tiện khó nhận diện nhau trong không gian tối và thiếu ánh sáng trực tiếp, điều này dễ dẫn đến va chạm, đặc biệt khi di chuyển với tốc độ cao trong các hầm dài hoặc qua các khúc cua gấp ở hầm gửi xe.</p><p>Ngoài ra, hầm thường có không gian chật hẹp, tầm nhìn hạn chế, cùng với khói bụi và hệ thống chiếu sáng không phải lúc nào cũng đầy đủ. Đèn xe, đặc biệt là đèn pha và đèn định vị, giúp các phương tiện dễ dàng nhận diện vị trí của nhau, từ đó duy trì khoảng cách an toàn. Việc bật đèn không chỉ để “nhìn đường” mà còn là cách để “được nhìn thấy” – một nguyên tắc quan trọng trong giao thông.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/w-bat-den-trong-ham-de-xe-72342.jpg?width=0&s=q0q8dbtcMPvD4JAfZlY9hg"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Bật đèn trong hầm không chỉ để “nhìn đường”, mà còn là cách để “được nhìn thấy”. Ảnh: Hoàng Hiệp<p>Ngoài ra, ở một số hầm gửi xe chung cư, do thiết kế địa hình có độ dốc hoặc đường cong, tầm nhìn của tài xế có thể bị hạn chế. Khi xe di chuyển lên hoặc xuống dốc mà không bật đèn, nguy cơ va chạm với phương tiện đi ngược chiều sẽ rất cao. Nhiều vụ tai nạn trong hầm gửi xe xuất phát từ việc xe di chuyển trong bóng tối mà không có tín hiệu chiếu sáng nào.</p><p>Hơn nữa, khi di chuyển trong hầm, việc sử dụng còi để cảnh báo thường không hiệu quả vì âm thanh từ còi bị dội lại trong không gian hẹp, thậm chí nhiều hầm xe còn cấm tài xế bấm còi.</p><p>Trong trường hợp này, ánh sáng trở thành phương tiện giao tiếp chính giữa các phương tiện. Một chiếc xe bật đèn từ xa giúp các tài xế khác kịp thời nhận biết và chuẩn bị, chủ động xử lý tình huống.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/cong-tac-bat-den-72343.jpeg?width=0&s=gJ803xDxTUkPx_-Uf57EZA"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Tài xế cần nắm được công tắc bật đèn trên xe mình. Ảnh minh hoạ: Otohui<p>Vì vậy, việc bật đèn khi vào hầm không chỉ là một quy định, mà còn thể hiện ý thức tham gia giao thông văn minh và trách nhiệm đối với sự an toàn của bản thân và cộng đồng.</p><p>Trong bối cảnh các đô thị ngày càng phát triển với nhiều hầm đường bộ và hầm gửi xe phức tạp, việc hình thành thói quen bật đèn khi vào hầm trở thành một yếu tố thiết yếu để giảm thiểu tai nạn và bảo vệ an toàn cho tất cả mọi người.</p><p>Bạn có góc nhìn (hoặc có trải nghiệm) nào về vấn đề trên? Hãy để lại bình luận bên dưới hoặc chia sẻ bài viết về Báo VietNamNet theo email: otoxemay@vietnamnet.vn. Các nội dung phù hợp sẽ được đăng tải. Xin cảm ơn!</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Nhớ kỹ khung giờ bật đèn chiếu sáng cho xe, sai một ly "đi" cả triệu đồngTừ ngày 1/1/2025, quy định về khung giờ bắt buộc bật đèn chiếu sáng khi lưu thông đối với ô tô, xe máy đã có sự thay đổi. Tài xế cần nắm rõ để tránh bị CSGT xử phạt.</p> Vì sao cần phải bật đèn xe khi đi trong hầm?	查看 5543	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114163	有图 <p>Gần đây, trên mạng xã hội chia sẻ đoạn clip về việc một học sinh được cho là ở huyện Lục Nam (Bắc Giang) bị 2 bạn học đánh, đấm liên tục.</p><p>Ngày 24/4, bà Bùi Thị Nga, Hiệu trường Trường THCS thị trấn Đồi Ngô số 1 (huyện Lục Ngạn, tỉnh Bắc Giang) cho biết, vào sáng thứ 3 (ngày 22/4), trong nhà trường xảy ra vụ việc 2 học sinh lớp 7 đánh 1 học sinh lớp 6 như clip đang lan truyền trên mạng xã hội.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/bac-kan-2-103063.jpg?width=0&s=97E-c5iLTRXOm9iL26JUoA"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Clip học sinh Trường THCS thị trấn Đồi Ngô số 1, huyện Lục Nam (Bắc Giang) bị 2 bạn học đánh gây bức xúc dư luận.<p>Cụ thể, 2 học sinh đánh bạn là Dương Gia B. và Phạm Tùng D. - đều học lớp 7. Người bị đánh là em Nguyễn Duy L., học lớp 6.</p><p>"Sau khi sự việc xảy ra, nhà trường đã yêu cầu 3 học sinh viết bản tường trình để nhà trường nắm rõ nguyên nhân đánh nhau. Đồng thời, nhà trường đã làm việc với phụ huynh các em để trao đổi về sự việc", bà Nga nói.</p><p>Hiệu trưởng Trường THCS thị trấn Đồi Ngô số 1 cho biết thêm, phía Công an thị trấn Đồi Ngô đã làm việc với các bên liên quan để làm rõ vụ việc. Gia đình các em đã thống nhất hoà giải và học sinh đều nhận ra hành vi đánh bạn là không đúng, hứa sẽ không tái phạm.</p><p>Phụ huynh của em Nguyễn Duy L. đang đưa con đi chụp chiếu tại Trung tâm Y tế huyện Lục Nam để kiểm tra sức khoẻ.</p><p>Theo ông Hoàng Bá Hạnh, Phó Trưởng phòng GD-ĐT huyện Lục Nam, Phòng đã nắm bắt được vụ việc 3 học sinh đánh nhau và yêu cầu lãnh đạo nhà trường báo cáo bằng văn bản để kịp thời có biện pháp chấn chỉnh.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Nữ sinh lớp 7 ở Thanh Hóa bị đánh hội đồng, lột áo<p>Công an xã Mậu Lâm, huyện Như Thanh (Thanh Hóa) đang xác minh, làm rõ sự việc một nữ sinh lớp 7 bị đánh hội đồng, lột áo.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Vụ trẻ 20 tháng tuổi bị xách ngược đánh tới tấp: Bảo mẫu thừa nhận bạo hành 2 bé<p>Tại cơ quan công an, bước đầu bảo mẫu 24 tuổi thừa nhận đã có hành vi bạo hành 2 trẻ nhỏ và đe dọa để các cháu ngừng khóc, đi ngủ.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Vụ nữ sinh bị đánh hội đồng ở TPHCM, 10 học sinh lớp 6-7 bị công an mời làm việc<p>Nhóm nữ sinh trường THCS Thái Văn Lung ở Thủ Đức (TPHCM) mâu thuẫn trong chuyện hứa hẹn cho tiền, đã đánh hội đồng bạn mình. Nhóm này bị công an mời làm việc.</p></p> Xác minh thông tin học sinh lớp 6 ở Bắc Giang bị bạn học đánh ngay trong trường	查看 2751	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114162	有图 <p>Để kích cầu du lịch, từ đầu tháng 3, Thủ tướng Chính phủ đã giao các bộ: Ngoại giao, Công an và VH-TT&DL nghiên cứu chính sách visa phù hợp, đặc biệt là với các quốc gia có quan hệ hữu nghị truyền thống, đồng thời đa dạng hóa việc miễn visa với một số quốc gia.</p><p>Kết quả, 3 tháng đầu năm nay, Việt Nam đã thu hút hơn 6 triệu khách quốc tế tới Việt Nam, vượt cùng kỳ năm 2019. Tuy nhiên, so với các nước trong khu vực như Thái Lan hay Malaysia, chính sách visa của Việt Nam vẫn còn khá thận trọng và hạn chế.</p><p>Ưu tiên khách nhà giàu</p><p>Tại hội thảo "Việt Nam nên miễn visa cho du khách nào?" diễn ra ngày 24/4, ông Võ Anh Tài, Phó Tổng giám đốc SaigonTourist Group, nhận xét, hiện có một số quốc gia thuộc thị trường hàng đầu du lịch, tiềm năng nhưng chưa được miễn thị thực, kiến nghị xem xét ưu tiên để có chính sách đơn giản hóa thủ tục, miễn thị thực.</p><p>Đó là thị trường Trung Quốc, Mỹ, Ấn Độ, Úc, New Zealand, Trung Đông. Đây là những thị trường có nguồn khách lớn, chi tiêu cao hoặc thị trường tiềm năng chúng ta đang nhắm đến. Nếu chưa miễn thị thực toàn bộ, ông kiến nghị có thể xem xét miễn có chọn lọc để ngành du lịch có thể tìm kiếm, tận dụng, khai thác thị trường tiềm năng này.</p><p>Đối tượng được xem xét miễn thị thực được ông Tài đề xuất gồm những chuyên gia hàng đầu, giới tinh hoa, tỷ phú có mức chi tiêu cao.</p><p>Ngoài ra, với hình thức có visa dài hạn, cần kéo dài thời gian từ 5-10 năm, có khả năng gia hạn dài hơn so với mức 1-2 năm như hiện nay.</p><p>Ông Nguyễn Quang Trung - Trưởng ban Kế hoạch phát triển, Tổng công ty Hàng không Việt Nam (Vietnam Airlines), cho rằng, trong giai đoạn hiện nay, việc thu hút phân khúc khách có giá trị cao quan trọng hơn số lượng. Đây là nhóm khách có khả năng chi tiêu lớn, lưu trú dài ngày và có tỷ lệ quay lại cao.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/khach-tay-du-lich-tphcmuntitled-4-1213-4-0632-103349.jpeg?width=0&s=Oi_d1qyAJw4emv6ioBdeEQ"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Du khách tham quan TPHCM. Ảnh: Chí Hùng<p>Đây cũng là đối tượng giúp tăng hiệu quả khai thác hàng không, mở rộng mạng bay quốc tế và nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh quốc gia.</p><p>Do đó, ông Trung kiến nghị thí điểm miễn visa ngắn hạn trong 12 tháng cho công dân các nước và vùng lãnh thổ như Trung Quốc, Hồng Kông, Đài Loan (Trung Quốc) và Ấn Độ.</p><p>Đồng thời, đề xuất kéo dài thời hạn miễn visa lên 90 ngày đối với du khách từ châu Âu, Bắc Mỹ, Úc và cấp visa dài hạn đến 24 tháng cho nhà đầu tư, chuyên gia. Ngoài ra, cần đơn giản hóa quy trình e-visa và rút ngắn thời gian xử lý xuống dưới 24 giờ.</p><p>“Phải xem du lịch quốc tế là ngành ‘xuất khẩu tại chỗ’ mang lại nguồn thu ngoại tệ lớn, cần được ‘cởi trói’ để phát triển đúng tiềm năng”, ông Trung nhấn mạnh.</p><p>Tập trung vào thị trường chiến lược</p><p>Bà Nguyễn Thu Thủy - Giám đốc Marketing Tập đoàn Vingroup, đề xuất ưu tiên miễn visa cho các thị trường chiến lược, có dư địa vượt trội.</p><p>Theo bà Thủy, trước hết, cần ưu tiên, quy hoạch miễn thị thực cho các nhóm thị trường chiến lược đang có tiềm năng, dư địa tăng trưởng thực sự. Đó là nhóm thị trường có lượng khách chi tiêu cao, thời gian lưu trú dài và hành vi du lịch đang thay đổi nhanh chóng như Australia, New Zealand...</p><p>Kế đến là nhóm thị trường có xu hướng đi nghỉ dài ngày, không ngại chi trả cho các trải nghiệm cao cấp. Điển hình là các quốc gia Bắc Âu như Na Uy, Thụy Điển, Phần Lan và Đan Mạch.</p><p>Tiếp đó là nhóm các thị trường mới nổi có đặc điểm du khách thích nghỉ dài ngày, sẵn sàng chi tiêu và tìm kiếm các điểm đến nắng ấm để tránh mùa đông, như Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan và Mông Cổ.</p><p>“Việt Nam với hệ sinh thái nghỉ dưỡng biển đảo phong phú hoàn toàn có thể cạnh tranh nếu chính sách visa đủ linh hoạt”, bà Thủy nói.</p><p>Cuối cùng là nhóm những thị trường đặc biệt tiềm năng đến từ các quốc gia vùng Vịnh, như UAE, Qatar và Ả Rập Xê Út. Mặc dù số lượng khách chưa nhiều nhưng đây là nhóm có khả năng chi tiêu rất cao và yêu đòi hỏi dịch vụ cao cấp.</p><p>Bà Nguyễn Thu Thủy cũng đề xuất mô hình "miễn visa có điều kiện" - gắn với sản phẩm du lịch cụ thể. Chẳng hạn, việc miễn visa chỉ nên áp dụng cho những du khách đăng ký tour trọn gói, lưu trú tại các cơ sở được cấp phép, có lịch trình rõ ràng và đi cùng các công ty lữ hành quốc tế uy tín.</p><p>“Mô hình này từng được Thái Lan và Ả Rập Xê Út áp dụng thành công, giúp kiểm soát chất lượng khách, nâng cao chi tiêu và đảm bảo an ninh”, bà chia sẻ.</p><p>Bà Thủy còn đề xuất chính sách thử nghiệm linh hoạt - theo mùa hoặc chiến dịch. Đó là mô hình “Visa Sandbox”, áp dụng tại các điểm đến có hạ tầng du lịch và quản lý tốt như Phú Quốc, Nha Trang hoặc Hạ Long.</p><p>Việc thử nghiệm theo mùa du lịch hoặc gắn với các chiến dịch truyền thông sẽ giúp đánh giá hiệu quả thực tế, từ đó nhân rộng chính sách ra toàn quốc nếu phù hợp.</p><p>Đồng quan điểm, bà Đồng Ngọc Ánh - Phó Tổng Giám đốc Tập đoàn SunGroup đề xuất xây dựng chính sách visa dành riêng cho Phú Quốc.</p><p>Hiện nay, Phú Quốc đang áp dụng miễn visa 30 ngày cho toàn bộ du khách quốc tế. Tuy nhiên, bà Ánh cho rằng có thể cân nhắc nâng thời hạn miễn visa lên 90 ngày, đáp ứng nhu cầu lưu trú dài hạn của khách, nhất là trong mùa đông.</p><p>Bà cũng kiến nghị nghiên cứu thí điểm cấp visa tại cửa khẩu cho các đoàn khách lớn, khách cao cấp, khách từ thị trường mục tiêu, khách hưu trí hoặc các nhà đầu tư trong lĩnh vực du lịch và công nghệ - những đối tượng mang lại giá trị kinh tế cao và ít rủi ro an ninh.</p><p>Ngoài ra, các chuyên gia cho rằng, để đón lượng khách lớn, tăng tỷ lệ khách quay lại và chi tiêu cao, ngoài việc mở rộng visa, Việt Nam cần tập trung cải thiện chất lượng dịch vụ, phát triển sản phẩm du lịch hấp dẫn và tăng cường truyền thông quốc tế.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>"Cuộc đua" miễn visa: Thái Lan đón 28 triệu lượt khách, Việt Nam vẫn chậm chânCác đối thủ chính của du lịch Việt Nam thành công phần lớn nhờ vào chính sách visa linh hoạt và miễn thị thực cho nhiều quốc gia. Việt Nam cần cải thiện mạnh mẽ hơn về thị thực trong cuộc đua đón khách nhà giàu.</p> Điểm mặt thị trường khách du lịch 'nhà giàu', không ngại chi trả dịch vụ cao cấp	查看 6302	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114161	有图 <p>Trang chủ của Thép Xanh Nam Định phát đi thông báo gia hạn hợp đồng với một loạt cầu thủ. Đang chú ý có chân sút chủ lực, tuyển thủ Việt Nam Nguyễn Xuân Son.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/xuan-son-104039.jpg?width=0&s=XTMV90-HqJiPhbVW35jEbg"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Xuân Son được gia hạn đến năm 2031 - Ảnh: TXNĐ<p>Theo đó, Cầu thủ xuất sắc nhất và Vua phá lưới ASEAN Cup 2024 đã được đội đương kim vô địch V-League gia hạn hợp đồng đến năm 2031. Đây là phần thưởng xứng đáng dành cho chân sút gốc Brazil, người góp công lớn giúp Thép Xanh Nam Định lên ngôi vô địch đấu trường quốc nội mùa giải năm ngoái, và cả cho bóng đá Việt Nam.</p><p>Ngoài Xuân Son, Nam Định còn gia hạn với một loạt trụ cột khác của đội bóng gồm: Thủ môn Trần Nguyên Mạnh (2028), Dương Thanh Hào (2029), Nguyễn Văn Vĩ (2029), Caio Cesar (2028), Lucas Alves (2026), Nguyễn Phong Hồng Duy (2028), Lý Công Hoàng Anh (2029), Trần Văn Đạt (2029), Trần Văn Kiên (2029), Lê Vũ Phong (2028), Trần Liêm Điều (2028) và Nguyễn Đình Sơn (2028).</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Văn Vĩ, Nguyên Mạnh, Caio Cesar và nhiều cầu thủ được Nam Định gia hạn hợp đồng - Ảnh: TXNĐ<p>Một số gương mặt khác của đội bóng thành Nam như Nguyễn Tuấn Anh, Nguyễn Văn Toàn, Tô Văn Vũ, Romulo,… vẫn còn hợp đồng dài hạn với CLB.</p><p>Với động thái giữ chân hầu hết các trụ cột, đội bóng của HLV Vũ Hồng Việt cho thấy quyết tâm và tiếp tục duy trì lợi thế dẫn đầu trong cuộc đua vô địch V-League 2024/25.</p><p>Ở vòng 20 V-League vào cuối tuần này, Thép Xanh Nam Định được chơi trên sân nhà Thiên Trường khi tiếp đón B.Bình Dương, đội đang có phong độ không tốt trong những trận đấu gần đây.</p><p>Video Nguyễn Xuân Son ngẫu hứng nhảy theo điệu nhạc trong buổi tập mới đây (nguồn TXNĐ):</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Xuân Son hồi phục thần kỳ, nhảy cực sung<p>Nguyễn Xuân Son khiến người hâm mộ phải bất ngờ trong hình ảnh mới nhất, khi anh có thể nhảy theo điệu nhạc và thậm chí là ra sân tập cùng các đồng đội ở CLB Nam Định.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Xuân Son được yêu thích nhất ở Vinh quang Thể thao Việt Nam<p>Tại chương trình “Vinh quang Thể thao Việt Nam 2025”, tiền đạo Nguyễn Xuân Son được vinh danh ở hạng mục Cầu thủ được yêu thích nhất.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Cuộc đua vô địch V-League: Hà Nội FC thách thức Nam Định<p>Hà Nội FC và Nam Định đang tạo nên cuộc đua song mã đầy hấp dẫn và kịch tính tới ngôi vô địch V-League 2024/25.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Bùi Tiến Dũng chơi xuất sắc, Đà Nẵng cầm hòa Nam Định<p>Thủ thành Bùi Tiến Dũng xuất sắc giữ sạch lưới, góp công lớn vào trận hòa 0-0 của SHB Đà Nẵng trước Thép Xanh Nam Định, thuộc khuôn khổ vòng 19 LPBank V-League 2024/25.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Tuấn Hải che mờ Tiến Linh, Hà Nội FC "phả lửa" vào gáy Nam Định<p>Tuấn Hải ghi bàn trở lại, Hà Nội FC thắng đậm Bình Dương 3-0, qua đó tạm thu hẹp khoảng cách với đội đầu bảng Thép Xanh Nam Định xuống còn 1 điểm.</p></p> Nam Định 'trói chặt' Xuân Son, quyết bảo vệ ngôi vô địch V-League	查看 3876	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114160	有图 <p>Đến 20h tối nay (24/4), lực lượng chức năng quận Gò Vấp (TPHCM) mới xử lý xong hiện trường vụ tai nạn giao thông giữa xe máy và ô tô khách 16 chỗ khiến nam sinh viên tử vong.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/697fdd0c-1e25-486d-8fef-528c1f7c2b39-104089.jpg?width=0&s=z58RCz-8dpkmbDvPGz51eg"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Hiện trường vụ tai nạn. Ảnh: HC<p>Trước đó, vào khoảng 19h, người dân sống trên đường Quang Trung (đoạn qua phường 11, quận Gò Vấp) nghe tiếng động mạnh từ vụ va chạm xe máy và ô tô khách 16 chỗ. Thời điểm này đang có mưa giông khá lớn.</p><p>Tại hiện trường, xe máy đổ trên đường, bị hư hỏng. Cách xe máy khoảng 2m có nam thanh niên đã tử vong.</p><p>Ngay sau khi tiếp nhận tin báo, lực lượng chức năng quận Gò Vấp đã đến hiện trường phong tỏa, điều tra nguyên nhân.</p><p>Bước đầu, nạn nhân tử vong được xác định là nam sinh viên L.Q.K. (19 tuổi, quê Khánh Hòa).</p><p>Hiện tại, công an đang trích xuất camera để điều tra nguyên nhân vụ tai nạn.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Va chạm với xe tải chở hàng, nam sinh viên tử vong thương tâm<p>Tai nạn liên hoàn giữa ô tô tải giao hàng với 2 xe máy trên đường Tô Ký, phường Tân Chánh Hiệp, quận 12, TPHCM khiến nam sinh viên tử vong tại chỗ.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Vô cớ thu thẻ của sinh viên, nữ nhân viên ở TPHCM bị đình chỉ<p>Nữ sinh viên bị tịch thu thẻ xe buýt và bất ngờ bị "tố" trên mạng xã hội sau chuyến xe buýt sáng 12/4.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Nữ sinh viên ở Sài Gòn bò ra từ gầm xe container sau va chạm giao thông<p>Khi xe container dừng sau va chạm với xe máy, nhiều người bất ngờ chứng kiến nữ sinh viên bò từ gầm ra ngoài.</p></p> Xe máy va chạm ô tô khách trong cơn mưa tầm tã, nam sinh viên tử vong	查看 2076	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114159	有图 <p>Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm chiều nay tiếp Đại sứ Liên minh Châu Âu (EU) tại Việt Nam Julien Guerrier.</p><p>Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm đánh giá cao tình cảm, vai trò và đóng góp của Đại sứ EU và Phái đoàn EU tại Việt Nam trong việc phát triển quan hệ Việt Nam – EU. Ông bày tỏ tin tưởng, với nỗ lực của hai bên, quan hệ Việt Nam – EU sẽ ngày càng được củng cố, thực chất và phát triển lên tầm cao mới.</p><p>EU là một trong những đối tác quan trọng hàng đầu trong chính sách đối ngoại của Việt Nam. Sau 35 năm thiết lập quan hệ ngoại giao (1990 – 2025), quan hệ hai bên phát triển năng động, toàn diện. Hai bên đang triển khai 4 thoả thuận hợp tác và 8 cơ chế đối thoại, từ chính trị - ngoại giao, thương mại – đầu tư đến quốc phòng – an ninh...</p><p>Sau 5 năm triển khai đã tạo sức bật mới cho thương mại song phương, đưa Việt Nam trở thành đối tác thương mại lớn nhất của EU trong ASEAN và EU là đối tác thương mại lớn thứ 4, nhà đầu tư lớn thứ 6 của Việt Nam. Kim ngạch thương mại hai chiều năm 2024 đạt gần 70 tỷ USD trong khi đầu tư của EU vào Việt Nam đạt trên 30 tỷ USD.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/tong-bi-thu-to-lam-tiep-eu-1-resize-104211.jpg?width=0&s=yBpzHy2NnbbWjo3wVvDcdw"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm tiếp Đại sứ Liên minh châu Âu (EU) tại Việt Nam Julien Guerrier. Ảnh: TTXVN<p>Đại sứ Julien Guerrier khẳng định Việt Nam là đối tác tin cậy và ưu tiên của EU tại khu vực châu Á – Thái Bình Dương; vai trò, vị thế ngày càng tăng, đặc biệt trong bối cảnh Việt Nam đang bước vào kỷ nguyên mới.</p><p>Trao đổi biện pháp thúc đẩy quan hệ Việt Nam – EU, Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm nhấn mạnh, năm 2025 là năm có ý nghĩa đặc biệt với hai bên, đánh dấu chặng đường 35 năm hợp tác và phát triển.</p><p>Hơn bao giờ hết, hai bên cần tăng cường hợp tác, củng cố tin cậy chính trị, tăng cường trao đổi kỹ lưỡng, thống nhất lộ trình sớm đưa quan hệ hai bên lên tầm cao mới theo hướng thực chất, chất lượng, hài hoà lợi ích...</p><p>Tổng Bí thư hoan nghênh EU quan tâm hợp tác với Việt Nam trong lĩnh vực chuyển đổi xanh, chuyển đổi số, phát triển bền vững, khoa học – công nghệ, đổi mới sáng tạo, năng lượng tái tạo, hạ tầng giao thông bền vững, công nghiệp quốc phòng, đào tạo nguồn nhân lực, pháp luật...</p><p>Tổng Bí thư đề nghị hai bên phối hợp tháo gỡ các vướng mắc về thương mại trong khuôn khổ Hiệp định EVFTA, nhất trí cần hợp tác nâng cao hiệu quả sử dụng viện trợ phát triển của EU dành cho Việt Nam. Việt Nam kiên định mục tiêu phát triển bền vững, tất cả chủ trương, chính sách của Đảng và Nhà nước đều nhằm phục vụ nhân dân...</p><p>Về vấn đề quốc tế và khu vực, Tổng Bí thư khẳng định Việt Nam là dân tộc hết sức yêu chuộng hoà bình, là thành viên tích cực có trách nhiệm của cộng đồng quốc tế trong giải quyết vấn đề khu vực và toàn cầu.</p><p>Chia sẻ ý kiến của Tổng Bí thư về khoa học – công nghệ và đổi mới sáng tạo là nguồn lực cho phát triển và thịnh vượng, Đại sứ cho biết, EU mong muốn hỗ trợ Việt Nam thực hiện mục tiêu trở thành quốc gia phát triển vào năm 2045 và đạt phát thải ròng bằng không vào năm 2050.</p><p>EU mong muốn đẩy mạnh hợp tác với Việt Nam trong hạ tầng, giao thông vận tải, năng lượng tái tạo, hàng không - vũ trụ, viễn thông, chuyển đổi xanh. Đại sứ cho rằng EU và Việt Nam có chung lợi ích trong việc bảo đảm hệ thống thương mại quốc tế và chuỗi cung ứng không bị gián đoạn, bảo đảm tăng trưởng ổn định và thịnh vượng của từng quốc gia.</p><p>Việt Nam ủng hộ Philippines đảm nhiệm vai trò Chủ tịch ASEAN 2026</p><p>Cũng trong chiều nay, Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm đã tiếp Đại sứ Philippines tại Việt Nam Meynardo Los Banos Montealegre.</p><p>Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm cho biết, năm 2025 có ý nghĩa đặc biệt quan trọng, đánh dấu kỷ niệm 10 năm thiết lập quan hệ Đối tác Chiến lược Việt Nam và Philippines. Việt Nam luôn coi trọng và mong muốn phát triển mạnh mẽ quan hệ Đối tác Chiến lược lên tầm cao mới, sâu sắc và toàn diện hơn.</p><p><source data-srcset="https://static-images.vnncdn.net/vps_images_publish/000001/000003/2025/4/24/tong-bi-thu-dai-su-philippines-2-104212.jpg?width=0&s=MJG5_62h0zasAouP99qt0A"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p>Tổng Bí thư Tô Lâm tiếp Đại sứ Philippines Meynardo Los Banos Montealegre. Ảnh: TTXVN<p>Tổng Bí thư đề nghị Đại sứ quan tâm thúc đẩy: Tăng cường hợp tác chính trị - ngoại giao; thúc đẩy kết nối kinh tế, phấn đấu đưa kim ngạch thương mại hai chiều sớm đạt 10 tỷ USD. Hai nước cần tăng cường hợp tác an ninh - quốc phòng, hợp tác biển và đại dương; thúc đẩy văn hóa, thể thao, du lịch, giáo dục đào tạo, phòng chống biến đổi khí hậu, giảm thiểu hậu quả của thiên tai.</p><p>Việt Nam sẽ tích cực ủng hộ Philippines đảm nhiệm thành công vai trò Chủ tịch ASEAN 2026 và sẽ phối hợp với Philippines cũng như các nước ASEAN khác thúc đẩy đoàn kết nội khối, phát huy vai trò trung tâm của ASEAN...</p><p>Đại sứ Montealegre báo cáo với Tổng Bí thư về một số kết quả nổi bật trong hợp tác song phương, nhất là sau chuyến thăm của Tổng thống Philippines Ferdinand Marcos Jr. tới Việt Nam vào tháng 1/2024.</p><p>Đại sứ quán Philippines sẽ tích cực phối hợp cùng các cơ quan liên quan của Việt Nam tổ chức nhiều hoạt động thiết thực, hiệu quả, kỷ niệm 10 năm thiết lập quan hệ Đối tác chiến lược và sang 2026 sẽ kỷ niệm 50 năm thiết lập quan hệ ngoại giao...</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Việt Nam và EU nhất trí nâng cấp quan hệ thời gian tới<p>Hướng tới kỷ niệm 35 năm quan hệ ngoại giao vào năm 2025, Việt Nam và EU nhất trí phối hợp để nâng cấp quan hệ song phương trong thời gian tới.</p><p><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" rel="noopener noreferrer"></p><p>Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao cùng Phó Chủ tịch Ủy ban châu Âu xem tranh quý, uống cà phê<p>Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao Bùi Thanh Sơn cùng Phó Chủ tịch Ủy ban châu Âu Josep Borrell Fontelles uống cà phê, xem các tác phẩm hội họa nổi tiếng của Việt Nam.</p></p> Tổng Bí thư: Thống nhất lộ trình đưa quan hệ Việt Nam-EU lên tầm cao mới	查看 6169	越南网	2025-04-24 08:00:00 2025-04-24 21:55:16	word
3114158	有图 It"s Time to JamThe 1,000 Scientist AI Jam Session pushed the limits of AI models applied to science research<p>April 15, 2025</p><p>By Charity Plata and Denise Yazak</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-02-28-2878-0023-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Paul Baity, from Brookhaven Lab"s Computing and Data Sciences Directorate, previously used ChatGPT for small-scale Python code generation, noting "the model is good at this task with the caveat that it sometimes makes mistakes." He spent the AI Jam working on code development for quasiparticle dynamics processes. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>UPTON, N.Y. — In February, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), in cooperation with OpenAI, an American artificial intelligence research company, launched the first-of-its-kind 1,000 Scientist AI Jam Session. As one of nine host sites throughout the DOE national laboratory complex, DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory saw more than 120 scientists challenge and evaluate the capabilities of OpenAI’s latest step-based logical reasoning AI model built for complex problem solving. Overall, more than 1,600 scientists across the DOE complex participated in the event. Such partnerships between the DOE labs and industry are increasingly important for maintaining the nation’s technological edge, especially in the globally competitive AI research area.</p><p>“One of our country’s greatest assets – and an envy of the world – is the Department of Energy’s network of national laboratories, which for decades have driven breakthroughs in science and technology, strengthened national security, and fueled American prosperity,” said U.S. Secretary of Energy Chris Wright who attended the event at DOE’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory. “Like the Manhattan Project, which brought together the world’s best scientists and engineers for a patriotic effort that changed the world, AI development is a race that the United States must win. Today’s collaboration of America’s national labs and technology companies is an important step in our efforts to secure America’s future.”</p>Experimenting to enhance experiments<p>From Brookhaven’s Computing and Data Sciences (CDS) Directorate training room, researchers representing the Lab’s many mission-critical research areas interacted with OpenAI’s most advanced generative pre-trained Transformer, or GPT, models, including the o3-mini-high and o1 pro, to ascertain their viability as useful “research assistants.” OpenAI’s models, such as the popularly used ChatGPT, are large language models (LLMs) trained on massive datasets to understand human language nuance. This enables them to be responsive on a range of subjects, generating text or other content depending on user prompts. The “o” series models used for the AI Jam essentially were “stress tested” on its multi-step problem solving and code generation abilities, especially when applied to diverse science.</p><p></p><p>“Products like ChatGPT, general-purpose LLMs as a service, have significantly changed the perception of and access to state-of-the-art AI methods for people who are not AI experts,” said Carlos X. Soto, the AI theory and security group lead at CDS, who participated in the AI Jam. “They have also lowered the barrier to entry of applying AI to scientific problems, which is part of what the AI Jam Session was about. Several domain scientists at Brookhaven Lab and elsewhere have already been applying these tools in their work, but the Jam Session offered a guided approach to doing so with the latest models, particularly the latest simulated reasoning models, which are expected to be more useful for scientists.”</p><p>Scientists from the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), a DOE Office of Science user facility at Brookhaven Lab, used the AI Jam Session to explore how the models could help solve a variety of complex problems, especially in ways that would save time, optimize data analysis, and explore detailed simulations. Their projects spanned biological sample imaging, spectroscopy data analysis, workflows to facilitate multimodal research, experiment automation, and even calculations for potential accelerator upgrade designs.</p><p>Milinda Abeykoon, lead beamline scientist on the Pair Distribution Function (PDF) beamline at NSLS-II, used Open AI’s models to build Python functions that can interpolate and extrapolate diffraction data at various sample-to-detector distances on a beamline using measurement data from a few known distances. The PDF beamline can adjust the sample-to-detector distance from 200 millimeters to 3,500 millimeters with high precision. Shorter distances capture a broader angular range with compressed peaks, offering a dense overview of many features at once. In contrast, longer distances yield a higher resolution with more spread-out peaks, providing a sharper and more detailed view within a narrower angular range.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-02-28-2878-0005-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Chuntian Cao (left), from Brookhaven Lab"s Computing and Data Sciences Directorate, worked with Deyu Lu (right), from the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, on simulations related to the X-ray structure factor of water that included electron density information. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>“My ultimate goal was to combine the best of both worlds by simulating a diffraction pattern that spans a large angular range with high angular resolution leveraging a few measured data sets,” explained Abeykoon. “I developed an early-stage script, with assistance from OpenAI, that interpolates and extrapolates diffraction data for a chosen sample-to-detector distance, using data from known distances. While the initial results are promising, the script still requires further refinement, testing, and validation using both synthetic and real data ensuring that all realistic data acquisition conditions are adequately addressed. This enhancement remains one of my primary goals moving forward.”</p><p>Dean Hidas, a scientist in the NSLS-II Accelerator Division’s Insertion Devices group, used his time at the Jam to challenge these models in applications related to brightness optimization at the light source.</p><p>“My first impression was that these AI models were very capable of writing code to create useful tools,” recalled Hidas. “After getting a feel for those features, I started to test logic and reason. I’ve been asking the models to do related math problems that get incrementally harder. I’ve found that the results varied a bit across models. They were capable of doing some tasks for me that could save a lot of time, but there is still some work to be done before it can tackle some of the more difficult problems we’re working on.”</p><p>Hidas was not alone in finding that the “o” series models could not easily navigate the truly complex science that Lab researchers confront every day in their work – at least not without a little human touch. Paul Baity, a senior researcher with the Systems, Architectures, and Emerging Technologies department at CDS, examined code development for new physical processes in the open-source physics simulation package, G4CMP. The code simulates the transport of phonons and electron/hole pairs in silicon and other materials.</p><p>“My goal was to attempt a simple encoding of quasiparticle dynamics as a test of ChatGPT’s capabilities,” Baity explained. “The problem was carefully selected to be a difficult but still benchmarkable task. The model was quick to generate the Geant4 particle definition code files, although it made an initial error in defining the spin of the particle. However, on query, the model was unable to properly determine which files should use the new particle definitions. Eventually, I was able to point it toward the specific relevant code files for writing phonon-quasiparticle interactions. After a fair bit of troubleshooting errors that took essentially the rest of the day, I managed to generate a code to model the phonon-quasiparticle interactions. The AI model is useful for providing bare-bones codes for highly specific tasks from scratch or troubleshooting minor errors, but, for moderately complex codes or tasks, it likely takes as long to prompt engineer the model.”</p><p>Kuan-Chieh Hsu, a research associate also with CDS Systems, Architectures, and Emerging Technologies, took the opportunity to ask the model to deliver insights and new solutions to an existing computing performance problem without providing any data.</p><p>“I didn’t accomplish what I set to do. However, for information collecting and summarization capabilities, the model did super well,” Hsu said. “Prompt engineering still plays the critical role toward getting satisfactory or expected responses. I feel asking AI tools to do well-defined tasks in small scope is really helpful and saves time.”</p><p>Hsu noted he would like to see more of these types of collaborations between industry and the national labs that assess how AI can accelerate scientific discovery.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-02-28-2878-0025-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Aaron Wilkowitz (left), from OpenAI, was on hand to assist users as they applied the "o" series advanced reasoning AI models to their selected problems. Here, Wilkowitz answered some questions from CDS Applied Mathematics Department Chair Susan (Sue) Minkoff (center). (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>“I would love to participate in another one, and I want to see if I can twist my prompting strategy as well as having more experience on various tools,” he added.</p><p>Chuntian Cao, an assistant computational scientist with the Trustworthy AI Group at CDS, echoed that sentiment.</p><p>“If I participate in another AI Jam, I might change the topic from physics questions to coding questions and get more experience using the LLM to help or improve my coding,” she said.</p><p>She worked on simulating the X-ray structure factor of water to see if incorporating electron density information from Wannier centers could increase the agreement between simulation and experiment. Cao found it was “partially workable.”</p><p>“The LLM can generate X-ray atomic form factors, which agree with the values in databases,” she added. “The LLM also can explain the general workflow of calculating structure factors of water. However, as there are not many previous studies about incorporating electron density information, the LLM touched this topic but did not really solve it.In the end, we did not successfully solve the problem. But that’s not too disappointing or surprising because it is a hard problem that has not been solved before. We were happy that the LLM gives reasonable answers related to questions about X-ray structure factors and atomic form factors.”</p><p>Meanwhile, scientists at the Laboratory for BioMolecular Structure (LBMS) used the Jam Session to investigate how AI could enhance the research done at their cryo-EM facility, especially for improving the imaging of biological samples with nanometer resolution.</p><p>“The AI models we had access to included helpful features that aren’t available in the free versions,” said Liguo Wang, scientific operations director of LBMS. “We were impressed at how the simulated reasoning models began to provide information that we didn’t initially consider as we were working. There were some publications we asked about that they didn’t have information on, so ensuring that these models have current research specific to various scientific fields could be a way to improve AI systems for scientists.”</p><p>In addition to CDS, NSLS-II, and LBMS, Brookhaven researchers from the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Environmental Science and Technologies Department, Collider-Accelerator Department, Instrumentation Department, and the Electron-Ion Collider participated in the day-long event.</p>Where do scientists go from here?<p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-02-28-2878-0046-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>The 1,000 Scientist AI Jam Session offered an opportunity to educate the community about what artificial intelligence can do to advance science and society. Francis Martin (right), from U.S. Representative Nick LaLota"s (NY-01) office, stopped in to check out the AI Jam and toured Brookhaven Lab"s Scientific Computing and Data Facilities, accompanied by Brookhaven Lab Director JoAnne Hewett (center), CDS Associate Laboratory Director Nicholas D"Imperio (left), and Deputy Director for Science and Technology and John Hill (not pictured). (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>While the 1,000 Scientist AI Jam Session offered the first hands-on pass at determining how GPT models can impact the pace and quality of scientific discovery, the next steps will include a lab-level review and aggregation among all nine participating DOE national labs: Brookhaven, Argonne National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Idaho National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Resulting feedback will be shared with developers like OpenAI and Anthropic, both based in San Francisco, Calif. Anthropic offered several labs access to its Claude 3.7 Sonnet model during the AI Jam to create AI systems specifically for scientific needs.</p><p>Locally, the results and conversations that came out of this collaborative event have already started to make an impact on individual facilities within the Lab. For instance, a few of the teams from NSLS-II have started planning a project to develop a new powder diffraction simulation code based on their experience at the AI Jam.</p><p>“What I personally got out of the event was greater visibility into the types of problems Brookhaven Lab scientists are interested in applying AI to and some early indications of the state of these efforts,” Soto said. “These are early steps. As models improve and scientists become more proficient at framing their questions and tasks in ways that the models can successfully tackle, I anticipate many opportunities for making real and significant advances in research.”</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Tags: artificial intelligencecomputingCSINSLS-II</p><p>2025-22379\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> It's Time to Jam \| BNL Newsroom	查看 15056	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-15 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114157	有图 Longstanding Model Fails to Explain Spin Dynamics in 1D CupratesIn a recent study, the Hubbard model was unable to predict the behavior of a simplified, one-dimensional cuprate system. SLAC scientists say the model is unlikely to fully explain high-temperature superconductivity in 2D cuprates.<p>April 15, 2025</p><p>By Erin Woodward</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/chain_cuprate_story_cover-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>An illustration depicts an unexpectedly strong attraction between electrons in neighboring lattice sites within a 1D chain of copper oxide, or cuprate – a material that conducts electrical current with no loss at relatively high temperatures in their 2D counterparts. In a recent study, Stanford and SLAC scientists used X-rays to examine the behavior of pairs of spinons – quasiparticles that represent an electron"s spin. This experiment provides further evidence of an unusually strong attractive force not captured by the Hubbard model, the leading theory for predicting electron behavior in solids. Authors say the model fails to explain electron dynamics in cuprates, even in simplified, one-dimensional systems. (SCI-HUA)</p><p>Editor’s note: The following article was originally issuedby the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Researchers investigated spinon excitations in doped cuprate chains and their momentum dispersion by means of high energy resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scatteringat theSoft Inelastic X-ray Scattering(SIX) beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II, a DOE Office of Science user facility at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. The behavior of this system was not predicted by the Hubbard model, the leading model used to simulate quantum materials like this.For more information on Brookhaven’s role in this research, contact Denise Yazak (dyazak@bnl.gov, 631-344-6371). </p><p>Superconductivity – the ability of some materials to conduct electricity with no energy loss – holds immense promise for new technologies from lossless power grids to advanced quantum devices. A recent publication in Physical Review Letters by researchers at the Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES) at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory sheds light on an outstanding mystery in the study of superconductivity:high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates.</p><p>Doubling down onresults from a previous SLAC study, the paper provides further evidence that the Hubbard model – the leading theory fordescribing strong correlations between electrons in quantum materials – failsto explain electron dynamics in cuprates, even in simplified, one-dimensional systems.</p><p>“Understanding what causes high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is a decades-long problem, and we’re building on the work of many great scientists here at SLAC and Stanford,” said Jiarui Li, a SLAC postdoc and lead author of the study. “As a postdoc, I"m excited to continue pushing the frontiers of this research.”</p><p>Typically, superconductivity occurs at temperatures approaching absolute zero, -273 degrees Celsius or -459 degrees Fahrenheit. But certain copper-oxides, known as cuprates, maintain their superconductivity at temperatures reaching -138 degrees Celsius or -216.4 degrees Fahrenheit – still cold, but significantly warmer than absolute zero. Importantly, that’s also nearly a hundred degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the boiling point of liquid nitrogen, making superconducting cuprates practical for wider applications in technology.</p><p>An understanding of the mechanisms that make superconductivity possible at such relatively high temperatures could be key to developing future applications and to fabricating new materials that can superconduct at even higher temperatures, ideally closer to room temperature.</p><p>Scientists know that superconductivity occurs when electrons form pairs, called Cooper pairs, within a material. The formation of these pairs in metals, such as mercury and lead, is explained by a Nobel Prize-winning theory known as the BCS theory. But the electronic structure of cuprates is fundamentally different than metals and requires a different theory to explain how superconducting electrons form pairs.</p><p>Initially, scientists hoped that the Hubbard model, with its demonstrated ability to describe strong correlations between electrons, might be able to explain how high-temperature superconductivity works in cuprates. But this assumption was unproven, and experimental validation has proven challenging. The complexity of cuprate materials and the mathematical intricacies of the Hubbard model make it difficult to model the problem accurately with current computers and algorithms.</p><p>In 2021,SLAC researchers found a way to simplify the problem: examining cuprate behavior in one dimension rather than two. In a first, the team created a 1D chain of cuprate atoms doped with oxygen and used X-rays to study the behavior of holons – particle-like entities that represent an electron’s charge. Their analysis revealed that the attraction between neighboring electrons was ten times stronger than the Hubbard model predicted, suggesting an additional attractive force not captured in the Hubbard model.</p><p>Researchers realized that if such a force was at work, it would leave telltale fingerprints on another important property of electrons, known as spin. To approach the problem from another angle, they devised a new experiment that would give them insight into the behavior of pairs of spinons. Like holons, spinons are particle-like components that represent properties of an electron; where holons represent an electron’s charge, spinons represent an electron’s spin.</p><p>The team synthesized a 1D sample of doped cuprate chains at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource at SLAC,then examined it using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering at the Diamond Light Source in the U.K. and the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory.</p><p>Once again, their analysis of the behavior of spinon pairs found that the Hubbard model did not accurately predict the behavior of electrons. However, when they added the same extra attractive force seen in the earlier experiment to their calculations, the data aligned more closely with their experimental observations.</p><p>“Our work has shownthat the Hubbard model is inadequate to fully account for cuprate physics, even in a simple 1D system. If the model has already failed at the 1D level, we wouldn’t expect it to hold up within the more complex 2D system, where high-temperature superconductivity occurs in cuprates,” said Wei-Sheng Lee, a SLAC staff scientist, and Zhi-Xun Shen, a SLAC and Stanford professor, co-principal investigators of the study.</p><p>The question now is what mechanism gives rise to the additional attractive force. Thomas Devereaux, a SLAC and Stanford professor and SIMES investigator who supervised the theoretical part of this work, suspects that it is due to an attraction between electrons and vibrations, known as phonons, in the lattice structure holding the cuprate together. Further experimentation is needed to investigate this idea, Devereaux said.</p><p>This research is funded in part by the DOE Office of Science. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource at SLAC and the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory are DOE Office of Science user facilities. Li received funding from SLAC’s Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program.</p><p>Citation: Jiarui Li et al., Physical Review Letters, 8 April 2025 (10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.146501)</p><p>For questions or comments, contact SLAC Strategic Communications & External Affairs atcommunications@slac.stanford.edu.</p><p>Tags: materials scienceNSLS-IIsuperconductivity</p><p>2025-22406\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> Longstanding Model Fails to Explain Spin Dynamics in 1D Cuprates \| BNL Newsroom	查看 7965	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-15 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114156	有图 John C. Gordon Elected International Fellow of the Royal Society of EdinburghBrookhaven Lab"s Chemistry Division chair recognized for science expertise and outreach<p>April 16, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2022/10/2022-9-20-9586-3-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>John C. Gordon joined Brookhaven Lab as Chemistry Division Chair in 2022. (Roger Stoutenburgh/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>John C. Gordon, chair of the Chemistry Division at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, was elected to the Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE), Scotland’s National Academy of science and letters, as an International Fellow.</p><p>Gordon joins a cohort of leading experts in science, the arts, business, public life, and academia who the RSE recognizes for their contributions that shape society in Scotland and beyond. The RSE, which announced its 2025 Fellows on March 24, noted Gordon"s expertise in inorganic and organometallic chemistry and his accomplishments in chemistry for energy applications.</p><p>“Having been born and raised in Ayrshire in the southwest of Scotland, I’m extremely honored to become an International Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (IntFRSE),” Gordon said. “To be elected into Scotland’s National Academy and be in the company of current and past luminaries in their fields is truly humbling.”</p><p>The RSE draws on the combined knowledge of its Fellows to address societal challenges with an interdisciplinary approach. This year’s newest fellows include The Duke of Edinburgh, space technology pioneer Asad Madni, and cartoonist Kate Charlesworth.</p><p>“I look forward to interacting with Fellows from across different disciplines, and I hope that my experiences in service, outreach activities, and the external perspectives I might bring, having lived in the U.S. for several decades, can aid in shaping positive new initiatives for Scotland,” Gordon said.</p><p>In addition to his work in chemistry, the RSE noted Gordon’s commitment to science outreach and support of the development of early and mid-career colleagues.</p><p>Gordon said he was fortunate to have had several mentors who recognized the importance of doing that and is grateful for the efforts of those around him, including students, postdocs and collaborators over the years for helping him reach his achievements.</p><p>“I think what’s kept me interested in science and motivating others to go into science is that it’s clear the impact that science can have on humankind,” he said. “It"s important to show students that ‘Here are some real, tangible examples of how what you’re doing can be applied.’”</p><p>Gordon joined Brookhaven Lab in 2022, following almost three decades at DOE’s Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL).</p><p>Gordon is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Royal Society of Chemistry, and the American Institute of Chemists. He is a co-recipient of a DOE 2022 Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Hydrogen Program R&D award for his work in chemical hydrogen storage. In 2017, he was named an invited Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. He was named a Laboratory Fellow at LANL in 2014.</p><p>He received his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Notre Dame in 1990 and holds a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from the University of Glasgow. He conducted his postdoctoral research at the University of Maryland and LANL.</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Tags: awardchemistry</p><p>2025-22376\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> John C. Gordon Elected International Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh \| BNL Newsroom	查看 4011	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-16 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114155	有图 CABBI Team Deploys Robotic Lab to Revolutionize Plant Bioengineering<p>April 21, 2025</p><p>By Julie Wurth</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/cabbi-fast-pb-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>The CABBI research team and the iBioFAB biofoundry at the IGB. Front row, Graduate Student Seth Croslow and Research Scientist Jia Dong. Back row, from left: Co-PIs Mathew Hudson, Jonathan Sweedler, Huimin Zhao and Biofoundry Manager Stephan Lane. / Julie Wurth</p><p>Editor"s note:The following news story about efforts to engineer plants to meet the world’s growing need for food and energy was originally published by the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, which leads theCenter for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation(CABBI) collaboration, a Bioenergy Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Plant biochemists John Shanklin and Jantana Blanford of DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory worked with the University of Illinois team to design a system for testing genes that could tailor the oil content of biofuel crops. They developed novel tobacco plant cell lines and methods for introducing and expressing target gene constructs in these plants. Hudson’s team then integrated these materials and methods into an automated workflow at the University of Illinois. For more information about Brookhaven Lab’s role in this research, contact Karen McNulty Walsh,kmcnulty@bnl.gov, 631-344-8350.</p><p>As the global population grows, the demand for food and energy is increasing even as extreme weather events make crops more vulnerable to stress. While traditional breeding takes years to develop more resilient crops, plant bioengineering offers a faster, more precise way to improve traits for higher yields and better stress tolerance.</p><p>But engineering plants to enhance their helpful traits is a complex process demanding significant time and labor.</p><p>In a major breakthrough, a team at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) found a way to accelerate this process using robots. Researchers deployed a biofoundry – a laboratory integrating robotics, computer-aided design, and informatics – to make genetically engineered plants and used it to boost oil production in plant cells and even whole plants.</p><p>This fast, automated, scalable, high-throughput pipeline for plant bioengineering, or FAST-PB, can be scaled up to improve the speed and productivity of synthetic plant biology, genome editing, and metabolic engineering. The advance will help scientists quickly improve valuable plant traits, such as increasing oil production and optimizing photosynthesis.</p><p>“If we can use robots for plant bioengineering, that is a game changer. Automating plant transformation will allow us to develop better bioenergy crops and do it more quickly,” said CABBI Co-PI Matthew Hudson, Professor in the Department of Crop Sciences at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.</p><p>This study, published in The Plant Cell, was led by a team of CABBI scientists at Illinois in collaboration with researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) and Brookhaven National Laboratory who are also part of CABBI, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Research Center. At Illinois, Hudson worked with lead author and Research Scientist Jia Dong CABBI) of Crop Sciences; Co-PI Jonathan Sweedler (BSD/CABBI/MMG), Professor in the Department of Chemistry; Ph.D. candidate Seth Croslow of Chemistry; and Co-PI Huimin Zhao (BSD leader/CABBI/CGD/MMG), Professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; as well as other researchers.</p><p>The CABBI team focused on engineering plants to enhance production of vegetative lipids, a promising avenue to improve global plant oil production without the need for increased fertilizer or land use. Achieving stable lipid production in the tissues of plant biomass requires the engineering and expression of multiple genes, and prototyping these multi-gene constructs is a rate-limiting step in developing next-generation bioenergy crops.</p><p>To overcome that hurdle, the team utilized the Illinois Biological Foundry for Advanced Biomanufacturing (iBioFAB) at IGB. Biofoundries improve efficiency and reduce the amount of time and labor required for these experiments. The iBioFAB has been used successfully to automate other synthetic biology processes, such as plasmid assembly, yeast genome editing, and antimicrobial discovery, paving the way for its application in plant genome editing technologies.</p><p>The CABBI team combined iBioFAB with single-cell metabolomics to engineer plant genomes and characterize cellular effects, which has never been done before. Metabolomics is the study of chemical processes involving metabolites, the molecular products of cell metabolism that are sometimes called chemical fingerprints.</p><p>Researchers created three automated processes using the biofoundry’s multiple robots to speed up the design and testing of genetic changes in plants. The first involved automating protoplast isolation and gene editing, letting scientists study gene functions quickly in plant cells without cell walls. The researchers also automated plant tissue culture, boosting lipid production and allowing them to make whole engineered plants; results showed a significant increase in the number and size of oil droplets in engineered plants.</p><p>The third process combined the automated biofoundry with a method called single-cell mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) that allows scientists to measure all the chemicals within the cells. It uses AI-assisted data analysis to efficiently distinguish between gene edited and non-edited cells.</p><p>“Profiling the chemical differences between individual plant cells allows us to measure desired plant characteristics such as lipid production without the confounding impact of using populations of cells,” Sweedler said.</p><p>FAST-PB revolutionizes plant bioengineering by integrating automation, synthetic biology, and single-cell lipidomics, dramatically accelerating genome editing and metabolic engineering — ushering in a new era of high-throughput, precision-driven plant transformation.</p><p>“Our work is a major step in plant bioengineering, reducing labor, time, and costs while speeding up discoveries in plant genomics and synthetic biology,” Dong said. “This means we can quickly create plants that produce more food and bioenergy, helping to address food and energy security, reduce reliance on imported fuels, and build a more profitable agricultural system.</p><p>The large-scale production of biofuels depends on improving plant-based energy sources. By automating key steps, this research accelerates the development of bioenergy crops with enhanced oil production, resilience, and efficiency, paving the way for more resilient and scalable biofuel production.</p><p>The advances support CABBI’s goal to improve plant-based biofuels by enabling faster and more efficient modifications to key metabolic pathways. The ability to increase oil production in plants through automated transformation and high-throughput genomic editing and screening aligns with CABBI’s objective of producing resilient biofuels and bioproducts more efficiently.</p><p>More broadly, the work contributes to the development of scalable, cost-effective, and automated strategies for optimizing bioenergy crops. By reducing the time, labor, and costs associated with plant transformation and metabolic engineering, this research accelerates the development of bioengineered crops with improved energy storage, resilience, and yield, ultimately supporting the transition to a more bio-based economy.</p><p>Other co-authors on this study included CABBI Co-PI Edgar Cahoon and Senior Research Associate Kiyoul Park at UNL; CABBI Co-PI John Shanklin and Jantana Blanford at Brookhaven; and Stephan Lane, Daniel C. Castro, Shuaizhen Zhou, Steven Burgess, and Mike Root at Illinois.</p><p>Tags: biologyplant sciences</p><p>2025-22414\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> CABBI Team Deploys Robotic Lab to Revolutionize Plant Bioengineering \| BNL Newsroom	查看 8081	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-21 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114154	有图 Study Tracks Chromium Chemistry in Irradiated Molten SaltsFindings show that radiation-induced chemistry may mitigate metal alloy corrosion in nuclear reactors cooled by molten salts<p>April 2, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/d1690219-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Brookhaven National Laboratory Distinguished Chemist James Wishart at the Laser Electron Accelerator Facility (LEAF), one of two facilities his team used to track chromium chemistry in molten salts. (Roger Stoutenburgh/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>UPTON, N.Y. — High temperatures and ionizing radiation create extremely corrosive environments inside a nuclear reactor. To design long-lasting reactors, scientists must understand how radiation-induced chemical reactions impact structural materials. Chemists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and Idaho National Laboratory recently performed experiments showing that radiation-induced reactions may help mitigate the corrosion of reactor metals in a new type of reactor cooled by molten salts. Their findings are published in the journal Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. </p><p>“Molten salt reactors are an emerging technology for safer, scalable nuclear energy production. These advanced reactors can operate at higher, more efficient temperatures than traditional water-cooled reactor technologies while maintaining relatively ambient pressure,” explained James Wishart, a distinguished chemist at Brookhaven Lab and leader of the research.</p><p>Unlike water-cooled reactors, molten salt reactors use a coolant made entirely of positively and negatively charged ions, which remain in a liquid state only at high temperatures. It’s similar to melting table salt crystals until they flow without adding any other liquid.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/jwishart_pressrelease_moltensalts-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Irradiation of molten salt (background) produces solvated electrons (e<sub>s</sub><sup>–</sup>) and dichloride radicals (Cl<sub>2</sub><sup>–</sup>) that react with chromium ions and change their oxidation states. Some reactions transform Cr<sup>3+</sup>, which can exacerbate corrosion, to less-corrosive Cr<sup>2+</sup>. (Valerie A. Lentz/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>“To assure the long-term reliability of these new reactors, we have to understand how molten salts interact with other elements in a radiation environment,” Wishart said.</p><p>The scientists were particularly concerned with tracking chromium, a frequent constituent of the metal alloys proposed for molten salt nuclear reactors.</p><p>“Chromiumtends to be the easiest element to corrode from most alloys and will ultimately accumulate in the coolant of molten salt reactors,” Wishart said.</p><p>As chromium dissolves into the molten salt, some of its chemical forms can accelerate corrosion processes, compromising the structural integrity and performance of the reactor. The distribution of chromium ion oxidation states — how many electron vacancies these ions have available for chemical reactions — may be the factor that determines whether corrosion occurs.</p><p>“The presence of dissolved trivalent chromium [Cr<sup>3+</sup>, with three electron vacancies] can accelerate corrosion in some cases, whereas divalent chromium [Cr<sup>2+</sup>, with just two vacancies] does not,” Wishart said.</p><p>Since chromium is stable as both Cr<sup>3+</sup> and Cr<sup>2+</sup> in most molten salts, “it is essential to understand how Cr<sup>3+</sup>and Cr<sup>2+</sup> react chemically with species produced in the radiation field of a reactor, and what products they make,” explained Wishart.</p><p>Brookhaven Lab is the perfect place to investigate these processes because it houses facilities that can trigger radiation-induced reactions and track them in real time, from trillionths of a second to minutes. These facilities are the Laser Electron Accelerator Facility and the two-million-electron-volt Van de Graaff accelerator, both in the Lab’s Chemistry Division.</p><p>Wishart and his collaborators used these facilities to measure the rates and temperature dependencies of reactions of the two types of chromium ions with reactive species generated by radiation in molten salt. “Our analysis indicated that the net effect of radiation in the molten salt environment is to favor the conversion of corrosive Cr<sup>3+</sup> to less-corrosive Cr<sup>2+</sup>,” Wishart said.</p><p>This research was a product of the Molten Salts in Extreme Environments Energy Frontier Research Center established at Brookhaven National Laboratory by the DOE Office of Sciencein 2018 to explore the fundamental properties and potential applications of molten salts in nuclear environments.</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Related LinksScientific paper: "Kinetics of radiation-induced Cr(ii) and Cr(iii) redox chemistry in molten LiCl–KCl eutectic"</p><p>Tags: chemistry</p><p>2025-22372\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> Study Tracks Chromium Chemistry in Irradiated Molten Salts \| BNL Newsroom	查看 5471	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-02 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114153	有图 The LHC Experiment Collaborations at CERN Receive Breakthrough PrizeThe Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics was awarded to the ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb collaborations during a ceremony held in Los Angeles on 5 April<p>April 7, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2022/04/20210-138-lhc-01-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>A chain of dipole magnets inside the LHC tunnel. (Hertzog, Samuel Joseph/CERN)</p><p>Editor’s note: The following press release was issued today by CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. The U.S. Department of Energy"s Brookhaven National Laboratory serves as the U.S. host laboratory for the ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider, plays multiple roles in this international collaboration — from construction and project management to data storage, distribution, and analysis — and has more than 100 active members in the collaboration.For more details on Brookhaven’s contributions to ATLAS, visit the Lab’sATLAS websiteorcontactKaren McNulty Walsh, 631-344-8350, kmcnulty@bnl.gov.</p><p>Geneva, 7 April 2025 — This weekend, theALICE, ATLAS,CMS andLHCbcollaborations atthe Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN were honoured with the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics by the Breakthrough Prize Foundation. The prize is awarded to the four collaborations, which unite thousands of researchers from more than 70 countries, and concerns the papers authored based on LHC Run-2 data up to July 2024. It was received by the spokespersons who led the collaborations during that time.</p><p>The prize was awarded to the collaborations for their “detailed measurements of Higgs boson propertiesconfirming the symmetry-breaking mechanism of mass generation, the discovery of new strongly interacting particles, the study of rare processesand matter-antimatter asymmetry, and the exploration of nature at the shortest distances and most extreme conditionsat CERN’s Large Hadron Collider.”</p><p>“I am very proud to see the excellent work of the LHC collaborations honoured with this Prize,” said Fabiola Gianotti, Director-General of CERN. “Thousands of people at CERN contribute daily to pushing the boundaries of human knowledge, and the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics underlines CERN’s importance as a model of peaceful collaboration in science and technology development.”</p><p>Following consultation with the experiments’ management teams, the Breakthrough Prize Foundation will donate the $3 million prize to theCERN & Society Foundation.The prize money will be used to offer grants for doctoral students from the collaborations’ member institutes to spend research time at CERN, giving them experience in working at the forefront of science and new expertise to bring back to their home countries and regions.</p><p>ATLAS and CMS are general-purpose experiments, which pursue the full programme of exploration offered by the LHC’s high-energy and high-intensity proton and ion beams. They jointly announced the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 and continue to investigate its properties.</p><p>"This prize recognises the collective vision and monumental effort of thousands of ATLAS collaborators worldwide,"says ATLAS spokesperson Stephane Willocq. "Their talent and dedication, and the support of our public funding agencies, enabled the scientific breakthroughs that are being celebrated today. These results have transformed our understanding of the Universe at the most fundamental level.”</p><p>"CMS is deeply honoured to receive this prestigious prize,” said CMS spokesperson Gautier Hamel de Monchenault. “Through continuous innovation in exploiting the data from the Large Hadron Collider over the past fifteen years, the CMS collaboration has conducted a thorough characterisation of the Higgs boson, explored the electroweak scale and beyond and probed the hot, dense state of nuclear matter that prevailed in the early Universe.”</p><p>ALICE studies quark-gluon plasma, a state of extremely hot and dense matter that existed in the first microseconds after the Big Bang, while LHCb explores minute differences between matter and antimatter, violation of fundamental symmetries and the complex spectra of composite particles (“hadrons”) made of heavy and light quarks, among other things.</p><p>“The ALICE collaboration is honoured to receive the Breakthrough Prize for the investigation of the properties of the hottest and densest matter available in a laboratory, quark-gluon plasma,”says ALICE spokesperson Marco Van Leeuwen. “The new grants funded through this prize will contribute to training the next generation of ALICE scientists.”</p><p>"The award of the 2025 Breakthrough Prize is a great honour for the LHCb collaboration. It underlines the importance of the many measurements made by the LHCb experiment in flavour physics and spectroscopy through the exploration of subtle differences between matter and antimatter and the discovery of several new heavy quark hadrons,”says LHCb spokesperson Vincenzo Vagnoni.</p><p>By performing these extraordinarily precise and delicate tests, the LHC experiments have pushed the boundaries of fundamental physics to unprecedented limits. They will continue to do so with the upcoming upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider, the High-Luminosity LHC, which aims to ramp up the performance of the LHC, starting in 2030, in order to increase the potential for discoveries.</p><p>Tags: ATLASLHC</p><p>2025-22388\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> The LHC Experiment Collaborations at CERN Receive Breakthrough Prize \| BNL Newsroom	查看 5503	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-07 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114152	有图 Students Display STEM Skills at Brookhaven Lab"s Maglev CompetitionStudents earned awards for top maglev vehicle speed and appearance in annual contest<p>April 10, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-03-26-2801-0009-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Bay Shore Middle School students share their maglev vehicle creations. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>UPTON, N.Y. — Students from Bay Shore Middle School swept three categories at the annual Maglev Competition hosted by the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory on March 26, thanks to speedy magnetic levitation, or maglev, vehicle designs.</p><p>The competition, which turned 35 this year, is inspired by technology pioneered by two Brookhaven Lab researchers, the late Gordon Danby and James Powell, who invented and patented superconducting maglev — the suspension, guidance, and propulsion of vehicles by magnetic forces.</p><p>“The Maglev Contest is more than just a competition; it"s an investment in our future,” said Daniel Trieu, competition co-coordinator and educational programs representative with Brookhaven Lab’s Office of Workforce Development & Science Education. “By having students design and build their own vehicles, they"re not just learning about maglev technology; they"re developing the critical thinking and problem-solving skills that drive scientific advancement.”</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-03-26-2801-0034-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Brookhaven Lab engineers shared hints on how students could improve their designs. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>More than 100 middle school students from eight schools used science, technology, engineering, and math principles to construct their vehicles.</p><p>Competitors aimed to win top spots in five categories for speed (self-propelled by a balloon, other self-propelled, electrified track, wind-powered, and gravity) and three appearance categories (futuristic, scale model, and 3D-printed).</p><p>Students in the speed-gravity category, for example, let the force of gravity move their vehicle down a sloped track, while those in the wind-powered category fixed sails to their cars to catch wind from a fan to travel along a flat path. The appearance category inspired a scale model of the Chicago Bean, 3D-printed racecars, a rubber duck, and SpongeBob SquarePants’s boatmobile.</p><p>Before locking in their cars’ fastest times, competitors had the chance to tinker with their creations in the contest’s “pit stop” room. Some used hot glue to stick on additional magnets for more weight and lift. Others shaved down their cars with files to ensure a better fit on the tracks. Their teachers, plus Brookhaven Lab engineers, both currently on staff and retired, offered helpful hints along the way.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2025-03-26-2801-0038-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Some students opted to design cars propelled by air escaping a balloon. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Jordanna Kendrot, a safety engineer at the DOE-Brookhaven Site Office, shared that she once built her own maglev vehicle as a student. Although her car didn’t make it far along the track, it only made her think about ways to improve the design.</p><p>“Science doesn’t always end in the answer you want. It’s always an opportunity to try different things,” she said at the awards ceremony, adding, “Sometimes you have to go from a different angle, sometimes you have to ask a friend, sometimes you even go outside of science. A big thing about science is collaborating and asking for help when you need it.”</p><p>Kendrot and Aleida Perez, interim Office of Workforce Development & Science Education manager, both emphasized that what students learned about magnets at the competition can extend to other areas of science. At Brookhaven Lab, powerful magnets are key parts of particle accelerators, like the future Electron-Ion Collider, steering particles towards collisions that enable scientists to study the building blocks of matter.</p><p>“I’m looking forward to all of you remaining engaged in science and engineering,” Perez said. “We need scientists, we need engineers, we need technicians all together to build and run these big machines.”</p>Speed categories<p>Self-propelled (balloon)</p> First place: Cole Vitolano, Bay Shore Middle School Second place: Madelyn Rettaliata, Bay Shore Middle School Third place: Elsa Escobar/Gutierrez, Bay Shore Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: Bay Shore students Elsa Escobar/Gutierrez, left, Madelyn Rettaliata, and Cole Vitolano. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Self-propelled (other)</p> First place: Sophia Gaudioso, Bay Shore Middle School Second place: Ryder Lucas, Bay Shore Middle School Third place: Claire Sullivan, Bay Shore Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption:Bay Shore students Claire Sullivan, left, Ryder Lucas, and Sohia Gaudiosos with Jashmin Futch of Teachers Federal Credit Union, a sponsor of the competition.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Electrified track</p> First place: Natalie Fox, Bay Shore Middle School Second place: Jillayne Kunz, Bay Shore Middle School Third place: Cesar Morales, Bay Shore Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption:Bay Shore students Cesar Morales, left, Jillayne Kunz, and Natalie Foxwith Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Wind power</p> First place: Stanly Chan, Great Neck South Middle School Second place: Fatimah Gondal, Great Hollow Middle School Third place: Alston Lin, Bay Shore Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: Alston Lin, left, Stanly Chan, Fatimah Gondal, and Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Gravity</p> First place: Lang Zan, Lawrence Woodmere Academy Second place: Juliana Norena, Bay Shore Middle School Third place: Darwin Zhao, Great Neck South Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: Darwin Zhao, left, Juliana Norena, Lang Zan, and Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p>Appearance categories<p>Futuristic</p> First place: Quentin Lennox, Great Neck South Middle School Second place: James Majuk, Accompsett Middle School Third place: William Pfister, Accompsett Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: William Pfister, left, James Majuk, Quentin Lennox, and Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Scale model</p> First place: Casie Li, Great Neck South Middle School Second place: Zannatul Mawa, Bay Shore Middle School Third place: Jacelyn Rojas, Bridgehampton School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: Jacelyn Rojas, left, Zannatul Mawa, Casie Li, and Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>3D printed</p> First place: Lexi Callen & Nyla Waite, Lawrence Woodmere Academy Second place: Adele Wang & Dana Young, Great Neck South Middle School Third place: Jacob Fein, Great Neck South Middle School<p>See the awards ceremony photo. Caption: Jacob Fein, left, Dana Young, Adele Wang, Lexi Callen,Nyla Waite,and Jashmin Futch.(Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Tags: maglev contest</p><p>2025-22301\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> Students Display STEM Skills at Brookhaven Lab's Maglev Competition \| BNL Newsroom	查看 7884	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-10 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114151	有图 Maximal Entanglement Sheds New Light on Particle CreationStudy shows particles produced in "jets" retain information about their origins<p>April 11, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/fragmentation-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>When an energetic quark or gluon gets knocked free during a proton-proton collision, this free "parton" first generates a shower of other partons, which then "fragment" to form hadrons (h) such as kaons (K), pions (π), and protons (p). The higher the energy of the initial quark or gluon, the higher the number of hadrons. When the entropy of the hadrons equals the entropy of the fragmentation process the system is maximally entangled. (Charles Joseph Naim/Stony Brook University)</p><p>UPTON, N.Y. — Physicists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University (SBU) have shown that particles produced in collimated sprays called jets retain information about their origins in subatomic particle smashups. The study was recently published as an Editor’s Suggestion in the journal Physical Review Letters.</p><p>“Despite extensive research, the connection between a jet’s initial conditions and its final particle distribution has remained elusive,” said Charles Joseph Naim, a research associate at the Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science (CFNS) in SBU’s Department of Physics and Astronomy. “This study, for the first time, establishes a direct connection between the ‘entanglement entropy’ at the earliest stage of jet formation and the particles that emerge as a jet evolves.”</p><p>The evidence comes from an analysis of jet particles emerging from proton-proton collisions captured by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, a 17-mile-circumference circular collider located at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. In these powerful collisions, the individual building blocks of the colliding protons, known as quarks and gluons, scatter off one another and sometimes get knocked free with enormous amounts of energy. But quarks can’t stay free for long. They and the gluons that normally hold them together immediately begin to split and reconnect through a branching process called fragmentation. The result is the formation of many new composite particles made of pairs or triplicates of quarks — collectively known as hadrons — that spray out of the collision in a coordinated way, that is, as a jet.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/cfns-2-500px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Study co-authors Dmitri Kharzeev, Charles Joseph Naim, Zhoumunding Tu, Jaydeep Datta, and Abhay Deshpande at the Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science at Stony Brook University. (Rachel Rodriguez/Stony Brook University)</p><p>“We wanted to see if the distribution of the hadrons in the jet was influenced by the level of entanglement among the quarks and gluons at the time the jet first formed,” said Abhay Deshpande, a distinguished professor at SBU. Deshpande holds a joint appointment as director of science for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a new nuclear physics research facility under construction at Brookhaven Lab, and he is also currently serving as Brookhaven Lab’s interim associate laboratory director for nuclear and particle physics.</p><p>The analysis was motivated in part by earlier research by study co-authors Zhoudunming Tu and Dmitri Kharzeev, both with faculty roles at SBU and appointments at Brookhaven Lab. Their study, published last year, revealed a connection between entanglement among quarks and gluons within protons and the overall distribution of particles emerging from proton-proton and electron-proton smashups. In that work, the higher the entanglement entropy among the quarks and gluons, the greater the entropy, or “messiness,” in the distribution of particles produced.</p><p>“This earlier study revealed that there is maximal entanglement among the quarks and gluons within the high-energy proton,” said Tu. “In this work, we extend this approach to the production of jets, which form from the fragmentation of those quarks and gluons. Will there also be maximal entanglement ‘inside’ these fragmenting high-energy quarks and gluons?”</p><p>Such a state of maximal entanglement among the jet-forming quarks and gluons predicts a connection between the jet fragmentation function and the entropy, or disorder, of hadrons emerging from the jet. This entropy would be observed as a large number of different types of hadrons — mainly pions, kaons, and protons — striking the detector. Conversely, such an observation of a high degree of disorder among jet particles and its correlation with the initial fragmentation predictions would be evidence of this maximal entanglement in the fragmenting quarks and gluons.</p><p>When the scientists looked at the data from the LHC’s proton-proton collisions, the distribution of jet hadrons matched this prediction based on maximal entanglement in the earliest stage of jet formation.</p><p>“This new study offers a novel quantum-level perspective on the fragmentation process,” said Kharzeev.</p><p>Study co-author Jaydeep Datta, a research scientist at SBU, added, “This study paves the way for further exploration of how quantum entanglement influences hadron formation, including at the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider.”</p><p>The EIC will have active participation from many Stony Brook University faculty and students, and it promises unprecedented precision in studying quantum entanglement effects in high-energy collisions. Among other things, the EIC will compare jets emerging from electron-proton collisions with jets emerging from electron-nucleus collisions. These experiments will explore how far the quantum effects extend within nuclei — and potentially modify the microcosm within protons.</p><p>This research was funded by the Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science at Stony Brook University; the DOE Office of Science; the Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage, a Brookhaven-led National Quantum Information Science Research Center also supported by the DOE Office of Science; and by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development project at Brookhaven Lab.</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Related LinksScientific paper: "Entanglement as a Probe of Hadronization"</p><p>Tags: ATLASLHCnuclear physicsStony Brook University</p><p>2025-22377\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> Maximal Entanglement Sheds New Light on Particle Creation \| BNL Newsroom	查看 6869	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-11 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114150	有图 Do Robots Dream of Electron Beams?NSLS-II scientists are changing how many experiments run by employing a coordinated team of AI-powered robots<p>April 24, 2025</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/robots-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer"><p>NSLS-II computational scientist Phillip Maffettone simulated an experimental setup to test AI-driven robotic automation. (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>UPTON, N.Y. —To build the experimental stations of the future, scientists at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, are learning from some of the challenges that face them today. As light source technologies and capabilities continue to advance, researchers must navigate increasingly complex workflows and swiftly evolving experimental demands.</p><p>To meet these challenges, a team of NSLS-II scientists is training a team of AI-driven collaborative robots. These agile, adaptable systems are being developed to quickly shift between tasks, adjust to different experimental setups, and respond autonomously to real-time data. By taking on work using learning processes rather than preprogrammed steps, much like a human researcher, these robots are helping scientists realize a future where these systems can be deployed on demand, empowering them to explore new possibilities and fully harness the facility’s cutting-edge capabilities to investigate everything from battery technologies to quantum materials.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/2024-10-15-2407-0038-300px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>Phillip Maffettone (Kevin Coughlin/Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>The team has successfully demonstrated this technology by rapidly deploying a prototype of one of these robotic systems to run an autonomous experiment overnight. The setup included different-sized samples that were randomly placed in the experimental environment without any preprogrammed knowledge of their location. The simulated experiment proceeded for eight hours without errors, showcasing the potential for user-friendly, AI-driven robotic integration in scientific research. Their results were recently published in Digital Discovery.</p><p>“We’re envisioning a new path forward,” said Phillip Maffettone, a computational scientist in NSLS-II’s Data Science and Systems Integration (DSSI) division and lead author of the study. “This approach isn’t just about speeding up current experiments; it’s a roadmap for the next generation of beamlines — modular, intelligent, and deeply integrated with AI. We’re designing a system that dynamically adapts to user needs.”</p>Building an automation foundation<p>NSLS-II currently operates 29 beamlines, with three more under construction and several others in development. The range, complexity, and volume of experiments conducted across these beamlines presents a challenge: designing a system that can automate existing workflows while remaining flexible enough to adapt to new types of experiments and new beamlines as they come online.</p><p>The synchrotron community has already found a lot of success in automating macromolecular X-ray crystallography (MX) experiments using robotics. MX beamlines can now perform automated and semi-automated experiments that routinely reach 99.96% reliability, which has increased the throughput of MX experiments. At NSLS-II alone, almost 13,000 samples were mounted at the Highly Automated Macromolecular Crystallography (AMX) beamline over the past four months. The robotic systems used at these beamlines are very effective for MX samples, and the robots have inspired scientists to think about what a more modular system could look like as they developed ideas for new beamline designs.</p><p>Daniel Olds is the lead beamline scientist at the upcoming High Resolution Powder Diffraction (HRD) beamline at NSLS-II. The beamline"s design enables users to take fast, in situ measurements that reveal real-time material behaviors such as battery cycling, catalytic reactions, and phase transitions — an approach that demands an innovative, adaptable system tailored to custom sample environments.</p><p>“We’re tackling a challenge faced by many researchers: how do we get the most science out of a limited window of beam time?” Olds said. “With so many formats and such little time, managing these experiments becomes a high-stakes logistical sprint.”</p><p>To envision what future experiments could look like, Maffettone, Olds, and a team of scientists from DSSI studied current experiments that would benefit most from flexible automation. They focused on the Pair Distribution Function (PDF) beamline, where visiting scientists, particularly those studying battery materials, often arrive with hundreds of unique samples. These can range from powders in narrow capillaries to flat “coupons” and even full pouch cell batteries like those used in electric vehicles. Some must be measured while charging and discharging in real time.</p><p>Instead of working in a single geometry or setup, a “smart” robot would be able to quickly learn how to handle a wide variety of sample types that differ in shape, size, and weight, just as a human scientist would. This kind of adaptability would reduce downtime, enable continuous beamline operation, and free researchers to focus more on insights than logistics.</p><p>Take capillary samples, for example. These are typically mounted on T-shaped brackets that hold 10 to 30 capillaries each. Once loaded and aligned with the beam, the capillaries are scanned sequentially as the bracket moves vertically, allowing different regions of each sample to be measured and averaged for more reliable data. Scans are fast, with each bracket taking just five to 10 minutes, leaving users little time between sample changes. Currently, switching from a capillary containing battery material to an actual operando battery setup also requires stopping the experiment, opening the protective hutch, and manually swapping samples. An automated system could streamline these processes, but only if it’s intuitive and flexible.</p><p>For energy research in particular, this shift could be transformative. Progress in energy storage depends on the ability to screen new materials and quickly test them under real-world conditions with limited scheduled time at the beamline. Adaptive robotics at NSLS-II would dramatically accelerate that process, helping researchers develop the next generation of high-performance batteries for applications ranging from earbuds to electric vehicles.</p><p>This is only one example of the many types of experiments in several different fields that this kind of system is hoping to accelerate. As Maffettone explained, “The dream is to have smart robots that users can request on a per-beam-time basis. These applications are designed to be quickly deployed, removed, and redeployed based on the needs of the experiment while also being able to integrate AI-agent-driven automation techniques. Because of this, the robots we use would need to be light and portable, have a modular build, and plug into an accessible software infrastructure.”</p>Lending a helping articulated arm<p>To test the kind of hardware that this automation system would use, the team put together a prototype robot designed to help out at the PDF beamline. The Universal Robot UR3emodel was used as a base for this first run. To grasp samples, they employed the two-fingered Robotiq Hand-Egripper. This model has the grip strength and grasp ratio that users would typically require,and it can be quickly installed onto theUR3e.To “see” its environment, a camera with advanced depth sensors was mounted above the gripper with a custom coupling mount that was created by the team.</p><p>They also needed to find the right software architecture to manage this team of robots and the various tasks that they would learn to perform. Luckily, NSLS-II already had a toolbox flexible enough for a project like this within Bluesky, an open-source experiment specification and orchestration engine. Bluesky has been adapted by many beamlines, even outside of NSLS-II, making it simple to “plug in” hardware like these robots and integrate AI and machine learning systems that could be used to automate them. To orchestrate the robots themselves, they would need software that was just as adaptable.</p><p>Many of the robots in use today rely on software developed and maintained solely by the vendor, which imposes several limitations. Robot Operating System 2 (ROS2), an open-source software development kit, provided an ideal solution. This vast library of software tools is supported by an active community that stays on the cutting edge of new developments in robotics. By leveraging ROS2, many different compatible robots in a fast-growing ecosystem can be swapped for the UR3e in the future. It also provides tools to develop time-saving simulations.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/fig1-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>In Robot Operating System 2, programs and algorithms can be simulated (right) in environments designed to represent conditions at the beamline (left). (Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>“Developing applications for unique tools can take substantial effort and often require time at the beamline,” explained Maffettone. “With robots, we’ve been able to address this issue using ROS2. I can capture models of sample holding equipment and obstacles, load them into ROS, and then plug them into a simulated experimental environment. Developers can access these simulations and chart a robot’s motions to build the applications they need for an experiment before they ever see the robot — or arrive at the beamline.”</p><p>With everything in place, it was time to see how this system operated in a real environment with actual samples. After a few successful simulations, the team started with a few capillary brackets at PDF. The brackets in the experiment were configured arbitrarily on a tabletop at different positions and heights. Small unique visual markers, similar to QR codes, were adhered to the brackets so that the robot’s camera could detect them and feed the information to a server where the position and orientation would be determined in real-time and mapped back to a sample database.</p><p><img src="https://www.bnl.gov/today/body_pics/2025/04/fig2-1000px.jpg" rel="noopener noreferrer">enlarge<p>The robot views the sample library and dynamically detects the sample data and coordinate reference frames for the sample holders. (Brookhaven National Laboratory)</p><p>As the experiment begins, an intricate dance occurs between Bluesky and ROS2. Bluesky has the experiment mapped out and uses AI agents to give ROS2 a goal for the robot. As the robot starts loading samples, it reports any possible obstacles, errors, or failures it experiences back to Bluesky so that the information can be used to decide what to do next. Current systems rely on pre-planned motions and rigid sample coordinates. This closed loop process keeps the experiment more dynamic and adaptive.</p><p>In the experimental environment, the robot successfully performed 195 continuous sample manipulations overnight with no errors. The automated system chose samples, loaded them onto a receiving mount, took simulated measurements, returned the sample from where it was found and chose the next sample based on the information it was getting.</p><p>While there is still work to be done to scale this work up, the initial results are already showing promise toward the goal of semi-autonomous experiments that give researchers the freedom to conduct more efficient and innovative experiments.</p><p>“Users would often make jokes as they switched out samples about how nice it would be to have a robot that could do it instead,” remarked Olds, “This work is pushing towards a place where that’s a reality. I’m excited to see these robots become a routine part of beamline operations that users can rely on.”</p>Towards a future where robots connect humans<p>The team is already looking at challenges that need to be met and ideas that need to be explored in order to reap the full potential of this project. The first big push would be to ensure that these robots can adapt to a variety of experimental conditions at several different kinds of beamlines. This would require solutions that give robots the ability to swap out peripherals, like grippers, based on the sample type they’re working with. They are also exploring multi-agent-driven robotics for more complex experimental workflows and for robots that can better perceive their environment.</p><p>A system like this won’t just accelerate experiments, it could also open the door to new types of multimodality — experiments that can run the same samples at different beamlines. Users can maximize their beam time by measuring the same materials using different complementary techniques and have these automated systems communicate with each other in real time about how best to perform the experiment.</p><p>“Robotics will become increasingly necessary in the future,” said Stuart Campbell, NSLS-II chief data scientist, deputy division director of DSSI, and coauthor. “As we refine a common way to integrate these robots across the facility, we’re also thinking about how that could work across the entire network of DOE light source facilities. Projects like this are starting to lay the foundation for even larger cross-functional initiatives. One day, we may be able to leverage automation and robotics to enhance multimodal experiments not only across beamlines but at laboratories across the country.”</p><p>Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.</p><p>Follow @BrookhavenLab on social media. Find us on Instagram, LinkedIn, X, and Facebook.</p><p>Tags: artificial intelligenceNSLS-II</p><p>2025-22356\|INT/EXT\|Newsroom</p> Do Robots Dream of Electron Beams? \| BNL Newsroom	查看 14346	布鲁克海文实验室	2025-04-24 00:00:00 2025-04-24 21:53:48	word
3114149	无图 <p>The Internal Security Operations Command (ISOC) has voiced strong opposition to a proposal by Justice Minister Tawee Sodsong suggesting that Thailand’s three southernmost provinces could adopt a governance model similar to that of China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.</p><p>Although Maj Gen Thammanoon Maison, ISOC spokesperson, did not directly mention Tawee by name, he asserted that comparing Thailand’s southern border provinces to Xinjiang was both inaccurate and inappropriate.</p>Thailand’s Constitution Prohibits Division of the Kingdom<p>Thammanoon highlighted Article 1 of the Thai Constitution, which states that “Thailand is one and indivisible Kingdom.” He emphasised that any form of autonomy or self-rule that suggests separation from the Kingdom contradicts the charter.</p> ISOC opposes Xinjiang-style model for deep South	查看 798	《民族报》	2025-04-24 13:39:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114148	无图 <p>The letter was received by Surachit Phongsinghvithya, Chairman of the BMC, and Praphruet Hankitjakul, Huai Khwang District Councillor, ahead of the Council’s third ordinary session of the second term for 2025, held at the BMC meeting room in the Airawat Pattana building, Bangkok City Hall 2 (Din Daeng).</p><p>Sunthorn Sukcha, a representative of the association, stated that there is currently no specific legislation dedicated to persons with disabilities. Therefore, the proposed rule would serve as a guarantee of rights and quality of life at the local level.</p><p>He emphasised that while Bangkok does have policies from the executive branch, there is still a lack of legal backing. Having a formal rule in place would ensure continuity and sustainability in the implementation of such policies across different administrations, he said.</p> BMC to enact Bangkok rule to improve quality of life for persons with disabilities	查看 852	《民族报》	2025-04-24 13:41:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114147	无图 <p>He took part in the 81st UNESCAP Commission Session, held at the United Nations Conference Centre on Ratchadamnoen Nok Road, Phra Nakhon district, Bangkok.</p><p>On this occasion, Chadchart addressed the issue of road safety and the promotion of sustainable transport in developing countries as part of the session’s agenda.</p> Chadchart Sittipunt addresses urban transport at UNESCAP session	查看 331	《民族报》	2025-04-24 13:44:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114146	无图 <p>The legal action follows a separate case brought by California last week.</p><p>The coalition contends that the tariffs, initiated by former President Donald Trump, are arbitrary and legally unsound, driven more by personal impulse than lawful authority.</p><p>The lawsuit asserts that the administration"s use of IEEPA to justify sweeping tariffs violates the Constitution, which grants Congress, not the president, the authority to regulate trade.</p><p>The plaintiffs are asking the court to nullify the tariffs and bar federal agencies from enforcing them. At the time of publication, the Justice Department had not responded to a request for comment.</p> Twelve states challenge Trump tariffs in trade court	查看 662	《民族报》	2025-04-24 13:57:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114145	无图 <p>Deputy Finance Minister Paopoom Rojanasakul on Thursday reaffirmed Thailand’s stable credit outlook in meetings with three major international credit rating agencies.</p><p>Speaking from Washington, D.C., where he is attending the 2025 Spring Meetings of the World Bank Group (WBG) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 21 to 26 April, Paopoom said he had met representatives from JP Morgan, Moody’s, and S&P Global Ratings.</p>Gradual Economic Recovery and Government Preparedness<p>Paopoom told the rating agencies that Thailand is undergoing a gradual economic recovery, with positive signals across multiple sectors. He acknowledged that while the economy had not yet fully rebounded, the government was actively implementing financial and fiscal policies to ensure continued stability.</p> Paopoom reaffirms Thailand’s stable outlook with credit rating agencies	查看 810	《民族报》	2025-04-24 14:36:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114144	有图 <p>The State Audit Office (SAO) on Thursday issued a statement detailing contract administration and modification process involving changes to parts of the elevator shaft walls (core lift) in its new office building.</p><p>The under-construction 30-storey building on Kamphaeng Phet 2 Road collapsed on March 28 due to the impact of an 8.2-magnitude earthquake near Mandalay, Myanmar, trapping over a hundred workers inside.</p><p>SAO’s clarification comes in response to public concerns that the modifications might have compromised the building’s structural integrity.</p><p> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/a4FyWfy6sDAZc251cgYK.webp?x-image-process=style/xs-webp"> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/a4FyWfy6sDAZc251cgYK.webp?x-image-process=style/md-webp"> <img src="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/a4FyWfy6sDAZc251cgYK.webp?x-image-process=style/lg-webp" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p><p>The office explained that the construction contract for the new office involved three main parties: the design team (Forum Architect Co Ltd and Meinhardt (Thailand) Ltd), the construction contractors (Italian-Thai Development Pcl and China Railway No 10 (Thailand) Co Ltd), and the supervision team (PN Synchronize Co Ltd, W and Associates Consultants Co Ltd, and KP Consultants Co Ltd).</p> SAO clarifies elevator shaft wall modifications: Confirms full compliance with regulations	查看 1471	《民族报》	2025-04-24 14:42:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114143	有图 <p>The Facebook page "Roo Than Jeen," known for offering alternative perspectives on China-related issues, recently exposed a concerning trend: the alleged misuse of student visa channels through Buddhist colleges in Thailand by Chinese nationals seeking residency in the country.</p><p>According to the page’s administrator, a follower provided information suggesting that many Chinese individuals are applying for student visas in Chiang Mai, where visa fees are reportedly lower than in central Thailand. This trend reportedly peaked just before a major crackdown on Chinese call centre scams in the region, during which the student visa business was allegedly thriving.</p><p> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/NGLqe6zhdODIkEWTg7RU.webp?x-image-process=style/xs-webp"> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/NGLqe6zhdODIkEWTg7RU.webp?x-image-process=style/md-webp"> <img src="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/NGLqe6zhdODIkEWTg7RU.webp?x-image-process=style/lg-webp" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> Buddhist University tied to visa scam for fake Chinese students	查看 1180	《民族报》	2025-04-24 14:50:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114142	无图 <p>Thailand’s Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra revealed that her recent meeting with Cambodian PM Hun Manet included discussion on the United States tariff issues. During the talks, she emphasized the importance of strengthening bilateral ties and enhancing cooperation among ASEAN member states to increase collective bargaining power.</p><p>On Thursday, Paetongtarn gave an interview regarding her official visit to the Kingdom of Cambodia. The visit, held from April 23–24, marked the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Thailand and Cambodia. Government Spokesperson Jirayu Huangsub summarized the key points of her statement as follows:</p><p>The Prime Minister expressed her deep appreciation for the warm and dignified welcome extended by the Cambodian government, emphasizing that both nations are committed to continuing their strong bilateral relationship.</p><p>Following the official welcoming ceremony at the Peace Palace, Paetongtarn held discussions with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet on various matters, including the issue of U.S. tariffs. She noted that Thailand has been closely monitoring developments on this front to prepare well-informed strategies for future negotiations.</p><p>“In less than 30 days, we have already seen significant changes. It is clear that the U.S. is also observing global reactions closely, as this is a new and evolving issue,” said Paetongtarn.</p><p>“Thailand has been thoroughly preparing information and exploring additional actions. In discussions with Prime Minister Hun Manet, we talked about ASEAN-level cooperation. ASEAN has rich resources and unique strengths, and we believe collaboration will enhance our bargaining power.”</p> Thai, Cambodian PMs discuss U.S. tariffs, call for stronger ASEAN cooperation	查看 1711	《民族报》	2025-04-24 15:15:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114141	无图 <p>A devastating fire broke out late Wednesday night at a historic market in Phanom Sarakham district of Chachoengsao province, destroying around 20 wooden shophouses, according to local authorities.</p><p>Blaze Erupts in Century-Old Community</p><p>Officials reported that the blaze started at approximately 11:40 PM in Tha Kwian Market, an old community in Phanom Sarakham town. The fire originated on the side of the market where vendors sold fresh vegetables and food, and quickly spread through a row of two-storey wooden shophouses along Highway No. 3378.</p> Fire destroys 20 wooden shophouses at historic market in Chachoengsao	查看 565	《民族报》	2025-04-24 15:21:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word
3114140	有图 <p>Thailand’s Central Investigation Bureau (CIB), through the Economic Crime Suppression Division (ECD),on April 24, 2025, announced the results of Operation Crypto Phantom, targeting an illegal USDT cryptocurrency exchange network.</p><p>The network reportedly bypassed licensed digital asset exchanges, with total transactions exceeding 14 billion baht, and links to drug trafficking and call centre scams.</p><p>Raids were carried out at eight locations across Bangkok, Chonburi, and Phuket, leading to the arrest of five suspects.</p><p> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/ObRYv03ax32azigWdw7v.webp?x-image-process=style/xs-webp"> <source srcset="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/ObRYv03ax32azigWdw7v.webp?x-image-process=style/md-webp"> <img src="https://media.nationthailand.com/uploads/images/contents/w1024/2025/04/ObRYv03ax32azigWdw7v.webp?x-image-process=style/lg-webp" rel="noopener noreferrer"> </p> CIB busts illegal crypto ring worth over 14 billion baht	查看 1041	《民族报》	2025-04-24 15:51:00 2025-04-24 21:50:29	word

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